What is Ransomware

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What is Ransomware? Computerservicearminfischercom .
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Ransomware is a type of malware that blocks your access to data or your entire system in order to extort a ransom. It now often goes hand in hand with file encryption.

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Important threats you should watch out for:

• Phishing attacks: Fraudulent messages designed to trick you into revealing personal data.
• Malicious websites/site spoofing: Fake websites that steal your data or install malware.
• Man-in-the-middle attacks: Hackers who hack into your communications, especially on public Wi-Fi.
• Malicious browser extensions: Dangerous browser extensions that spy on your activities or control your browser.

Additional information on ransomware:

• Increasing threat to cell phones: ransomware attacks on smartphones and tablets have been on the rise since 2019
• Examples of ransomware attacks:
  • 2021: Exploitation of a security vulnerability in Kaseya software by the Russian hacker association REvil.
  • 2022: Detection and neutralization of the ransomware HIVE.
  • 2023: Exposure of the Russian ransomware group Indrik Spider, which carried out an attack on Düsseldorf University Hospital, among others.
  • 2023: The ransomware group Play carried out a wave of blackmail attacks in Switzerland.

Double Extortion: A new threat:

• Double Extortion: Ransomware criminals not only encrypt your data, but also threaten to release stolen data if you don’t pay the ransom.
• Example: CONTI: The ransomware group CONTI set up a blog on which they published stolen data from their victims.
• Further characteristics: Triple and quadruple extortion, in which further forms of extortion are added.
• Leak Sites: Websites on which stolen data is offered for download.

The hackers’ approach:

1. Infection: Ransomware often gets onto your computer via crafted email attachments, vulnerabilities in web browsers or data services such as Dropbox.
2. Deception: E-Mails tarnen sich oft als Rechnungen, Lieferscheine oder Warnungen von Behörden.
3. Infiltration and Exfiltration: The attackers try to move around the system and connected networks (infiltration). They search for valuable data and transfer it to the Internet via anonymized channels (exfiltration).
4. Blocking: The computer is blocked, either by a message window or by blocking the task manager.
5. Encryption: Files, especially important documents, are encrypted.
6. Extortion: You will be asked to pay a ransom in order to receive the decryption. You are often threatened with data destruction if you contact the police.

Protection and countermeasures for private individuals and small businesses:

• Regular data backups: Make regular backups of your important data on an external medium that is only connected during the backup. Computerservice.arminfischer.com
• Disconnect external hard disks from the computer immediately after backing up or restoring data. Computerservice.arminfischer.com
• Create backups of your most important data in parallel on data carriers that can no longer be overwritten, such as CD-R, DVD-R or BluRay. Computerservice.arminfischer.com
• Update software: Keep your operating system, browser and other software up to date.
• Be careful with e-mails: Do not open any attachments from unknown senders and do not click on suspicious links.
  Take a particularly close look at unknown attachments. Especially file names – suspicious is, among other things, if a file is called invoice.pdf.exe. In this case it is an executable program. However, e-mails with such attachments are not delivered by most providers. ZIP archives are also suspicious or dangerous. Only open these after consultation. Computerservice.arminfischer.com .
• Virus protection: Install virus protection and keep it up to date.
  Windows Defender has been integrated into Windows since Windows 10 and is, in our experience, passable protection. Larger companies can take a closer look at Norton, Kaspersky, ESET and GDATA, although Norton and Kaspersky can be quite restrictive when it comes to network issues. In addition to Windows, Norton and Kaspersky are also available for Android, iOS and MacOS. For Linux, the virus protection is virtually developed further with the system.
• Firewall: use a Firewall.

Protection and countermeasures for IT departments of larger companies.

• Versioning file systems: Use file systems such as NILFS (Linux) or Volume Shadow Copy Service (Windows), which create snapshots of files.
• ZFS: File systems such as ZFS offer the option of periodically creating write-protected snapshots of the entire file system.

Additional resources:

• Nationales Zentrum für Cybersicherheit (Schweiz): Recommendations for private users and companies.
• Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationstechnik (Deutschland): Situation analysis with protective and countermeasures.
• No More Ransom: Initiative to raise awareness of ransomware, help with decryption and prevention.

Origin of the ransomware groups:

• International operations: Ransomware groups often operate from abroad. The head of the UK’s National Cyber Security Centre said in 2021 that cybercriminals from Russia and its neighboring countries are behind most online extortion against British companies.
• Financial connections: A study by the American company Chainalysis for 2021 found that 74% of all the money (≈ 400 million US dollars) obtained through ransomware extortion was very likely to go to cybercriminals with a connection to Russia. A large proportion of the money obtained through extortion also went through Russian crypto companies based in the capital Moscow.
• Identification features: To identify the individual ransomware groups, the analysts used a list of characteristic indicators, including
  • Language of the malware and documents as well as the language of the forums in which the cybercriminals were active.
  • Programming code that did not execute if the infected victim was from the CIS states (part of the former Soviet Union).
  • Links to other cybercriminal groups whose origins have already been established.

Ransomware attacks are becoming more and more sophisticated. It is important that you keep up to date with the latest threats and take the necessary security measures.

Source reference:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ransomware

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Computerservice.arminfischer.com – Computerservice.arminfischer.com/news/ – Chatus
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